Q. The Bible says that Solomon had three hundred wives and seven hundred concubines. What were their names?
We only know the name of one of Solomon’s wives, and that is because she is mentioned in the account of the reign of her son, Rehoboam, who was Solomon’s successor. Her name was Naamah, and she was an Ammonite. This suggests that she became Solomon’s wife as the result of a marriage alliance that Solomon made with the king of Ammon.
Solomon’s wives are said to have been “princesses,” that is, daughters of kings, and so we can infer that there were marriage alliances in each case. We know that these wives included princesses from Egypt, Moab, Edom, Ammon, Sidon, and the Hittite kingdom. So while we don’t know their names, at least in these cases we know something of their identities.
Unfortunately, Solomon’s attachment to them led him to build altars just east of Jerusalem to their foreign gods. His wives worshiped at these altars, and he joined them in doing so. The altars remained in place for over 300 years, until King Josiah finally destroyed them. The law of Moses specifically forbade the king of Israel from making such marriage alliances—“he shall not acquire many wives for himself, lest his heart turn away”—and doing so led to Solomon’s downfall and the breakup of the Israelite kingdom.
But on a brighter note, as I suggest in this post, earlier in his life Solomon may have married Abishag the Shunammite, and this may have been a happy marriage for many years. It is unfortunate that Solomon did not obey the law of Moses and refrain from making the marriage alliances that ultimately ruined him and his kingdom. He already had all that he really needed.
Good Question 